Supplementary Files
Keywords
Blockchain Voting
End-to-End Verifiability
Digital Democracy
Quantum Cryptography
How to Cite
Abstract
An electronic voting (e-voting) literature review focusing of articles published between 2020 and 2025 is conducted as a primary to understand the current changes and the problem of e-voting in a different view-point. The research design used to analyse the practicality of e-voting system employed three main themes, namely security enhancement; accessibility and inclusivity; and trust, verifiability and governance. This review also addresses current persisting challenges including the scaling constraints, quantum risks, unequal socio-technical adoption and split regulatory frameworks. Results have shown significant advances mostly to blockchain systems, post quantum cryptography, end to end verifiability and participatory design. Moreover, the analysed literature shows that, currently, the practical implementation of e-voting technologies has a number of limitations. The review recommends that safe and inclusive e-voting involves the overall strategies that are inclusive of technological leadership, human-computer interaction, policy and social science. The review concludes with the suggestion of hybrid cryptography models, international standards and additional longitudinal studies about the ultimate foundation of trust of digital voters.
References
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