Journal of Engineering & Technological Advances

ANALYSIS OF FLOOD AND WATER IMPACT ON THE NEW AIRPORT PROJECT IN BEIHAI CITY

C. Tang — 2025-06-30

With the frequent occurrence of extreme rainfall events worldwide, the problem of floods and water disasters has become increasingly prominent. During the construction of engineering projects, it is necessary to fully analyze the situation of regional floods and water disasters, provide a basis for the design of flood control and drainage plans for the main project, and ensure the safety of project operation. Taking Beihai Airport Project in southern China as the study area, this paper analyzes the flood situation in the project area under the condition of 100-year return period design flood and the condition of 100-year return period design flood plus 100-year return period design rainstorm. Modelling results showed that the submerged depth within the site range from 0 to 1.32m, Distributed in the southwest, central, and eastern parts of the airport area. The tributary of Hougang River passes through the airport construction area, when encountering a 100-year flood, The flood will overflow the riverbank and enter the airport construction area. Flood prevention measures need to be considered during airport construction. This study provides a basis for the design of airport flood control and waterlogging drainage scheme, and also provides a reference for the analysis of waterlogging impact of similar projects.

DEVISING AN EFFECTIVE SILVER ION-CAPTURING SCAFFOLD WITH A CBD-SA LINKER-ENHANCED APTAMER: A SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY APPROACH

H. Zhou — 2025-06-30

Recycling is an important approach to preserving the world’s valuable resources for the good and longevity of the planet, as well as to continue to live the way that humans are accustomed to. In this study, a silver ion capture and reusable platform was successfully assembled via a synthetic biology method to recycle metal ions in wastewater. Three modules exist in this platform: (1) a bacterial cellulose nanofiber block (BCNF), which is a structural module; (2) a fusion protein cellulose-binding domain (CBD) and streptavidin (SA)-based linker (CBD-SA-CBD); and (3) a biotin aptamer for metal ion capture blocks. The cellulose BCNF block showed the optimal glucose concentrations for cultivating the bacterial cellulose block. The optimal conditions were identified to induce proteins for the construction of the CBD-SA-CBD linker block. In general, the linker block binds effectively to the metal ion-capturing aptamer, and Aptamers 3 and 4 bind most effectively with silver ions. The reusability of this metal ion-catching aptamer maintained 99.16 to 99.56% binding affinity after four repeated tests. The calculated silver binding efficiency (BE) of the complete assembly remained as high as 99.95%. This consistent binding affinity is a valuable asset in environmental applications. Owing to the diversity of aptamers and versatility of fusion proteins, this genetic engineering design has great potential for diverse future applications, such as heavy metals, antibiotics, pheromones, and even nuclear waste treatment and removal.

APPLICATION OF DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS IN DC CIRCUITS

Jasmier Ocampo — 2025-06-30

This study explores the application of difference equations in modelling and analysing electrical circuits, specifically 4-mesh DC, RL, and RLC topologies. With the increasing integration of discrete-time simulation and digital control in engineering systems, traditional methods such as mesh analysis may be limited by computational complexity. Difference equations offer a discrete framework to simulate circuit dynamics using time-stepped recurrence relations. First- and second-order difference equations are applied and derived from RL and RLC circuit models in continuous time using discrete-time approximations. Solution of ladder circuits is through characteristic equation for second-order recurrence relations, whereas recursive formulations are adopted to analyse transient responses in RL and RLC circuits. The study defines complexity in terms of equation count and compares it across methods to demonstrate improved scalability. Realistic component values are selected to reflect conditions in actual electrical systems, such as inductive startup loads and resonant filter behaviour. The resulting current responses demonstrate convergence and system stabilization over time. Stability is confirmed analytically through characteristic roots and time-step considerations. These visualizations reinforce the suitability of difference equations for modelling dynamic responses in power electronics, sensor systems, and digital control applications. The findings highlight how difference equations provide a viable alternative for efficient and scalable analysis in modern electrical engineering.

ESTIMATION AND CORRELATION OF LOW FLOW HYDROLOGICAL PARAMETERS USING A NOVEL MODIFIED STORAGE-YIELD-RELIABILITY MODEL FOR MALAYSIAN STREAMFLOW STATIONS

W.F. Pan — 2025-06-30

This study presents a modified methodology to estimate various low flow hydrological parameters of various streamflow stations in Malaysia. This is followed by a subsequent estimation of low flow quantum using a modified storage-yield-reliability (SYR) model. These low flow estimates are crucial in managing the water resources in a river basin. Furthermore, it is also stipulated in the provision of environmental flow (EF) prescription for prior releases in water resources management in Malaysia. The database (90 streamflow stations in Malaysia) adopted in this paper is abstracted from the National Water Resource Study review. This paper presents a novel methodology for low flow yield estimation using Vogel and Kuria's modified version of the SYR model. The modified version adopts the same formulation and structure as the original multiple regression equation, but with an additional calibration step for deriving the calibrated parameters. The correlation between average annual flow and low flow quotient shows a moderately higher coefficient of determination (r2), varying from 0.724 to 0.850 for various hydrological regions in Malaysia. In addition, fair and consistent correlation is demonstrated, falling within a factor of two line visually using the respective coefficient of determination of the regression equations for various hydrological regions in Malaysia. However, minor noises and fluctuations are observed between the estimated results and the observed dataset and records. This novel modified SYR model's significant practicality and utility are vividly shown, and it can be readily used in the pre-feasibility water resources study.

DECOLORIZATION OF RICE BRAN OIL USING COCONUT SHELL-DERIVED ACTIVATED CARBON

S. M. Anisuzzaman — 2025-06-30

This study focused on maximizing the removal of color pigments from crude rice bran oil (CRBO) using coconut shell-derived activated carbon (CSAC). The study began by analyzing the physical properties of the CSAC used, including pH, bulk density, moisture content, ash content, and iodine number. The analysis showed a pH of 6.95, bulk density of 0.68 g/mL, moisture content of 4.13%, ash content of 8.75%, and an iodine number of 851.84 mg/g. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to guide the decolorization process of the CRBO, using the identified conditions to treat the oil. The design variables included adsorbent dosage, temperature, and contact time, with decolorization efficiency serving as the actual and predicted response variable. With a composite desirability score of 0.929, the optimum predicted percentage for decolorization efficiency was determined to be 65.4% at 0.85% w/v, 50^oC, and a contact time of 43 min. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of the optimization model. Based on the color analysis, it was determined that sample 1, which achieved the highest decolorization efficiency (61.1%), was the most successful decolorization process out of all the runs that have been conducted.