Supplementary Files
Keywords
Triple-band patch antenna
Wireless communication
Satellite communication
How to Cite
Abstract
Microstrip patch antennas have gained widespread attention due to their low fabrication cost, lightweight structure, and simple design. However, multiband antennas often suffer from limited bandwidth, low gain, and poor directivity. This study proposes a compact triple-band microstrip patch antenna integrated with a defected ground structure (DGS) to enhance its electromagnetic performance. The antenna is designed on a Flame Retardant 4 (FR4) substrate with dimensions of 40 by 40 by 1.6 mm³, where multiple DGS patterns are implemented on the ground plane to improve return loss, gain, and directivity. The proposed design operates efficiently at 2.4 GHz, 5.8 GHz, and 7.5 GHz frequency bands. Simulation results obtained using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio demonstrate significant performance enhancement, with return loss improvements of 33.84 dB at 2.4 GHz, 62.46 dB at 5.8 GHz, and 51.28 dB at 7.5 GHz compared to a conventional patch antenna. In addition, the antenna provides gain values ranging from 4.20 to 5.57 dBi and directivity values from 4.96 to 7.36 dBi, demonstrating enhanced radiation characteristics compared with the conventional antenna. The DGS effectively redistributes the surface current, creating multiple resonant modes while improving impedance matching and radiation performance. These characteristics make the proposed antenna suitable for Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (2.4 GHz), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) (5.725–5.825 GHz), and satellite communication (7.24–7.575 GHz) applications.
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